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Tipo de Material:	Libro
Título :	Trade and development report, 2016
Autor :	Conferencia de las Naciones Unidas sobre Comercio y Desarrollo (UNCTAD)
Fecha de Publicación :	2016
Ciudad: Editorial :	New York : United Nations Conference on Trade and Development (UNCTAD) : Organización de las Naciones Unidas (ONU)
ISBN :	978-92-1-112903-8
Cita Sugerida :	Conferencia de las Naciones Unidas sobre Comercio y Desarrollo (UNCTAD). 2016. Trade and development report, 2016. New York: United Nations Conference on Trade and Development (UNCTAD) / Organización de las Naciones Unidas (ONU).
Descriptores / Subjects :	SISTEMA ECONÓMICO DESARROLLO ECONÓMICO Y SOCIAL COMERCIO INTERNACIONAL DESARROLLO SOSTENIBLE RECESIÓN ECONÓMICA
Paginación:	215 páginas
Patrocinador/Auspiciante/Fuente :	Publicaciones Convenios ONU
Índice / Contenido:	ÍNDICE | Explanatory notes xiii | Abbreviations xv | OVERVIEW I-XV | A. A year of living dangerously 1 | B. Recent trends in the world economy 4 | 1. Growth performance 4 | 2. International trade 8 | 3. Recent developments in commodity markets 11 | 4. International capital flows to developing economies 15 | C. The slowdown of global trade 17 | 1. Preliminary observations on the causes of the trade slowdown 18 | 2. Global trade in the context of international production networks 20 | 3. Summing up and implications for the global outlook 24 | Notes 27 | References 29 | Chapter II: GLOBALIZATION, CONVERGENCE AND STRUCTURAL TRANSFORMATION 31 | A. Introduction 31 | B. Globalization and convergence 33 | C. Structural transformation: The missing link(s) 43 | D. A global enabling environment? 47 | E. Conclusions 51 | Notes 52 | References 53 | Chapter III: THE CATCH-UP CHALLENGE: INDUSTRIALIZATION AND STRUCTURAL CHANGE 57 | A. Introduction 57 | B. The case for developing manufacturing industries 58 | 1. The virtues of manufacturing 58 | 2. Knowledge linkages and productivity growth 60 | C. Trends in structural change since 1970 61 | 1. Long-term trends 61 | 2. Impact of structural change and investment on aggregate productivity 67 | D. Successful and stalled industrialization and premature deindustrialization 76 | 1. Catch-up industrialization 76 | 2. Stalled industrialization 78 | 3. Premature deindustrialization 82 | E. Making the primary and tertiary sectors work for structural transformation 83 | 1. The role of the primary sector in structural change 83 | 2. Making commodity export revenues work for structural transformation 84 | 3. The role of services in structural transformation 86 | F. Conclusions 89 | Notes 90 | References 92 | Chapter IV: REVISITING THE ROLE OF TRADE IN MANUFACTURES IN INDUSTRIALIZATION 97 | A. Introduction 97 | B. A preliminary framework 98 | C. Trends in international trade by region 101 | 1. General trends 101 | 2. Trade in manufactures 106 | D. Structural transformation, productivity growth and trade 110 | 1. Trade in manufactures, value added and structural transformation 110 | 2. Growth in labour productivity and trade in manufactures 113 | 3. Export sophistication and diversification 115 | E. Global value chains, industrial upgrading and structural transformation 118 | F. Gender, industrialization, trade and employment 122 | 1. Export orientation and women's employment 122 | 2. Employment elasticity of export-oriented manufacturing 124 | G. The past and future of pricing power 128 | H. Conclusions 131 | Notes 133 | References 134 | Chapter V: PROFITS, INVESTMENT AND STRUCTURAL CHANGE 139 | A. Introduction 139 | B. The profit-investment nexus revisited 141 | C. Corporate strategies: Refocusing and financialization 146 | D. The corporate investment environment in developing countries 149 | 1. Challenging macroeconomic conditions for private investment 151 | 2. Microeconomic trends: Incipient corporate financialization in developing countries? 155 | 3. Structural transformation and finance for investment: Sectoral patterns of (financialized) investment 160 | E. Reinvigorating investment in developing countries 162 | 1. Tackling global financial instability and corporate financialization 162 | 2. Establishing a functioning profit-investment nexus in the context of catch-up development 164 | 3. Combating tax avoidance, evasion and capital flight 166 | F. Conclusions 168 | Notes 169 | References 171 | Chapter VI: INDUSTRIAL POLICY REDUX 175 | A. Introduction 175 | B. Reassessing the scope of industrial policy 176 | 1. The long history of State-sponsored structural transformation 176 | 2. Learning from successes and failures 177 | C. The varying geometry of State-business relations 179 | 1. Institutions of the developmental State 179 | 2. Government-business relations 181 | 3. Support, performance and discipline 182 | D. Reassessing the tools of industrial policy 185 | 1. Targeting active and passive industrial policies 185 | 2. Managing rents 188 | 3. Strengthening learning capabilities 188 | E. Integrating trade, macroeconomic and structural policies 191 | 1. A strategic approach to the role of international trade 191 | 2. Macroeconomic matters 193 | 3. Reviving the profit-investment nexus 196 | 4. Policies to better integrate the primary sector 197 | F. Conclusions 198 | Notes 199 | References 201 | Annex to chapter VI: Growth and Structural Change: An Updated Assessment of the Role of the Real Exchange Rate 205 |
Lugar:	USA
Resumen / Abstract :	In 1997, the Trade and Development Report argued that a return to faster growth and full employment in developed economies was a prerequisite for tackling the problem of rising inequality, and warned that failure to achieve this could provoke a “backlash against globalization, which might put the gains of global economic integration at risk”. What happened next in the developed economies was a short boom-bust cycle linked to the dot-com bubble, followed by a period of steady growth and slowly falling unemployment. This was backed by an easy monetary policy in the United States that shored up investor confidence, triggered a surge of international capital flows and boosted global trade. Economists suggested that the world had entered a period of “great moderation”. Some proceeded to explain how hyperefficient, self-regulating markets, under the watchful eye of astute central bankers, had finally overcome the challenge of what then Federal Reserve Chairman Alan Greenspan called “risk transfer and financial stability”.
Copyright:	openAccess Atribución-NoComercial-SinDerivadas 3.0 Ecuador
URI:	http://hdl.handle.net/10469/24843
Aparece en las colecciones:	Colección General

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