La Defensa como política fiscal durante el Gobierno de Mauricio Macri (2015-2019)
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Eissa, Sergio Gabriel
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Quito, Ecuador : Flacso Ecuador
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Abstract
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El objetivo de este artículo es estudiar la política de Defensa implementada durante la Presidencia de Mauricio Macri (2015-2019), argumentando que ésta se subordinó a la política fiscal de ajuste neoliberal del Gobierno. Para ello, se examina el discurso de las autoridades; los principales documentos aprobados en este período de estudio; y finalmente, los recursos asignados a la política de Defensa. A partir de este análisis, se observa una pugna entre tres sectores al interior del Gobierno: i) quienes buscaban involucrar a las Fuerzas Armadas en la lucha contra el narcotráfico siguiendo las orientaciones de los Estados Unidos; ii) aquellos que visualizaban a las Fuerzas Armadas como una estructura que ocasionaba un excesivo gasto en el presupuesto; y iii) quienes aducían cuestiones de índole criminal como forma de aumentar el presupuesto y sostener las capacidades para la misión principal.
This article argues that the Defense policies implemented by the Mauricio Macri administration (2015-2019) were subordinated to the priorities defined by the neo-liberal fiscal adjustment programs executed during its tenure. In order to show this, the discourse of major policy makers is surveyed, the main policy documents published during the period are examined, and finally, the resources actually allocated to carry out Defense policies are tallied. The materials reviewed disclose a three-way dispute inside the administration. The conflict opposed those who i) Wanted to involve the military in the war against drugs, following US preferences, ii) Those who saw the military as a bloated and expensive organization that weighed excessively on the Government´s budget, and iii) and those who advocated redeploying the military as an anti-crime outfit, as a means to safeguard its budget, preserve a socially legitimate role for it and indirectly fund its main traditional national defense role.
This article argues that the Defense policies implemented by the Mauricio Macri administration (2015-2019) were subordinated to the priorities defined by the neo-liberal fiscal adjustment programs executed during its tenure. In order to show this, the discourse of major policy makers is surveyed, the main policy documents published during the period are examined, and finally, the resources actually allocated to carry out Defense policies are tallied. The materials reviewed disclose a three-way dispute inside the administration. The conflict opposed those who i) Wanted to involve the military in the war against drugs, following US preferences, ii) Those who saw the military as a bloated and expensive organization that weighed excessively on the Government´s budget, and iii) and those who advocated redeploying the military as an anti-crime outfit, as a means to safeguard its budget, preserve a socially legitimate role for it and indirectly fund its main traditional national defense role.
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Keywords
ARGENTINA, DEFENSA, FUERZAS ARMADAS, MAURICIO MACRI, NARCOTRÁFICO, TRAFICO DE ESTUPEFACIENTES, PRESUPUESTO
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Artículo
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2020-09
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p. 75-93
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Eissa, Sergio Gabriel. 2020. La Defensa como política fiscal durante el Gobierno de Mauricio Macri (2015-2019) o National Defense as fiscal policy during the Mauricio Macri administration (2015-1019). Íconos. Revista de Ciencias Sociales, 68/24(3): 75-93.
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