Áreas marinas protegidas: contexto español y el caso de "Os Miñarzos"
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Burgos, Andrés
Fernández, Daniel
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Quito : FLACSO Sede Ecuador. Programa de Estudios Socioambientales
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El análisis de la situación de las pesquerías en el mundo sugiere que el estado de los principales recursos marinos es preocupante y que el sector pesquero vive bajo condiciones insostenibles. En las últimas décadas, las Áreas Marinas Protegidas han sido establecidas como herramientas globales de planificación para compensar los efectos de la sobreexplotación y asegurar la sostenibilidad de la productividad biológica y los usos humanos. Sin embargo, muchas de ellas se limitan a la simple denominación, sin poseer un conocimiento detallado de los ecosistemas que acogen, ni incluir de manera efectiva a las comunidades locales en su implementación y manejo, requisitos clave para poder gestionar estos espacios de manera holística e integral. Este trabajo aborda las áreas marinas protegidas como instrumentos de gobernanza basados en la cogestión pesquera que pueden favorecer la conservación de la biodiversidad y los servicios ecosistémicos, así como la promoción del bienestar humano. Para eso, se presenta, de forma descriptiva, la trayectoria de la Reserva Marina de Interés Pesquero de “Os Miñarzos” (Galicia/España) en sus seis años de vida. Se espera que este trabajo ayude a la difusión de esta iniciativa promovida por el sector pesquero local y que pueda contribuir a la discusión sobre el papel de las áreas marinas protegidas en la protección de la integridad ecológica a largo plazo y la utilización sostenible de los ecosistemas naturales.
The analysis of the fisheries status in the world suggests that the state of the main marine resources is worrying, and that the fishery sector has been under unsustainable conditions. Over the last decades, the Marine Protected Areas have been established as global planning tools to compensate for the effects of overfishing, and ensure the sustainability of biological productivity and human uses. However, many of them are limited to the simple name, without detailed knowledge of the ecosystems that host, neither to include effectively local communities in their implementation and management, key requirements to manage these areas in a holistic and integral way. This paper addresses the marine protected areas as tools of governance based in the fisheries co-management that can promote the conservation of biodiversity and ecosystem services, as well as the promotion of human welfare. For that, we describe the history of the "Os Miñarzos” Marine Reserve of Fishing Interest (Galicia / Spain), covering its six years of life. It is hoped that this paper will help to disseminate this initiative promoted by the local fisheries, and that it can contribute to the discussion on the role of marine protected areas in protecting the long-term ecological integrity and sustainable use of natural ecosystems.
The analysis of the fisheries status in the world suggests that the state of the main marine resources is worrying, and that the fishery sector has been under unsustainable conditions. Over the last decades, the Marine Protected Areas have been established as global planning tools to compensate for the effects of overfishing, and ensure the sustainability of biological productivity and human uses. However, many of them are limited to the simple name, without detailed knowledge of the ecosystems that host, neither to include effectively local communities in their implementation and management, key requirements to manage these areas in a holistic and integral way. This paper addresses the marine protected areas as tools of governance based in the fisheries co-management that can promote the conservation of biodiversity and ecosystem services, as well as the promotion of human welfare. For that, we describe the history of the "Os Miñarzos” Marine Reserve of Fishing Interest (Galicia / Spain), covering its six years of life. It is hoped that this paper will help to disseminate this initiative promoted by the local fisheries, and that it can contribute to the discussion on the role of marine protected areas in protecting the long-term ecological integrity and sustainable use of natural ecosystems.
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p. 30-54
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Burgos, A. y Fernández, D. (marzo, 2014). Áreas marinas protegidas : contexto español y el caso de "Os Miñarzos" (Dossier) = Marine Protected Areas: Spanish context and the case of “Os Miñarzos”. En: Letras Verdes. Revista Latinoamericana de Estudios Socioambientales FLACSO - Ecuador. Ecosistemas marino costeros : participación y sustentabilidad, 15, 30-54.
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