Cooperativas de minería de pequeña escala en Bolivia: De salvavidas de los pobres a maquinaria de manipulación política
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Carrillo, Felix
Salman, Ton
Soruco, Carola
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Quito : FLACSO Sede Ecuador. Programa de Estudios Socioambientales
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En este artículo se argumenta que las relaciones entre movimientos u organizaciones sociales y Estado se desarrollan no únicamente en base a cálculos de intereses y defensa de metas objetivas en negociaciones políticas, sino también en el marco de situaciones particulares, de culturas e historias específicas. Nuestra investigación sobre el desarrollo del relacionamiento entre las cooperativas mineras y su organización nacional y el Estado boliviano demuestra que es de crucial importancia tomar en cuenta los aspectos históricos, de memoria colectiva, regionales y otros dentro las organizaciones. Las tradiciones, memorias y destrezas incorporadas en las organizaciones mineras así como en el ámbito político influenciarán la manera en que las diferentes partes involucradas se relacionan unas a otras, diseñan sus estrategias y se adaptan a circunstancias cambiantes. El tema se ilustra primero a través de un retrato histórico y contemporáneo de la minería en Bolivia enfocado en el sector de la pequeña minería aurífera, seguido de un esbozo de la posición que ocupa la minería cooperativizada en el país y las estrategias y autoestima que hoy en día despliega. A continuación, se aborda la situación de nuestro estudio de caso, la cooperativa ASOBAL. En el esbozo nacional, así como en nuestro estudio de caso, conectamos las posiciones y estrategias con los temas de identidad, memoria y lugar.
This article argues that relations between social movements and organizations and the State are not only developed based on defended objectives and interests in political negotiations, but are also developed within particular situations, of specific cultures and histories. Our investigation about the relationship between mining cooperatives, their national organization, and the Bolivian State demonstrates the crucial importance of considering historical aspects, of collective memory, some regional and others within the organizations themselves. The traditions, memories, and abilities incorporated in the mining organizations and in the political realm will influence the way in which different parts relate to one another, design their strategies, and adapt to changing circumstances. This topic is illustrated firstly through a historical and contemporary account of mining in Bolivia focused in the sector of small scale mining. This is followed by outlining the position that cooperative mining occupies in the country and the strategies and self esteem that they display. Next, our case study is addressed: the ASOBAL cooperative. In the national outline, like in our case study, we connect the positions and strategies with themes of identity, memory, and place.
This article argues that relations between social movements and organizations and the State are not only developed based on defended objectives and interests in political negotiations, but are also developed within particular situations, of specific cultures and histories. Our investigation about the relationship between mining cooperatives, their national organization, and the Bolivian State demonstrates the crucial importance of considering historical aspects, of collective memory, some regional and others within the organizations themselves. The traditions, memories, and abilities incorporated in the mining organizations and in the political realm will influence the way in which different parts relate to one another, design their strategies, and adapt to changing circumstances. This topic is illustrated firstly through a historical and contemporary account of mining in Bolivia focused in the sector of small scale mining. This is followed by outlining the position that cooperative mining occupies in the country and the strategies and self esteem that they display. Next, our case study is addressed: the ASOBAL cooperative. In the national outline, like in our case study, we connect the positions and strategies with themes of identity, memory, and place.
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Artículo
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2013-09
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p. 233-254
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Carrillo, F.; Salman, T y Soruco, C. (septiembre, 2013). Cooperativas de minería de pequeña escala en Bolivia: De salvavidas de los pobres a maquinaria de manipulación política (Dossier) = Small scale mining cooperatives in Bolivia: From lifeguard of the poor to machinery of political manipulation. En: Letras Verdes. Revista Latinoamericana de Estudios Socioambientales FLACSO - Ecuador. Minería, ambiente y movimientos sociales, 14, 233-254.
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