Trafkintu: curadoras de semillas defendiendo la soberanía alimentaria
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Soto Soto, Dinelly
Mancilla Ivaca, Nastassja
Valenzuela Sepúlveda, Víctor Hugo
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Quito : FLACSO Sede Ecuador. Programa de Estudios Socioambientales
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Se revisa, como resistencia folkomunicacional, la reanimación de la práctica mapuche del Trafkintu, ceremonia de los intercambios, contra transformaciones neoliberales del agro que amenazan la soberanía alimentaria de comunidades del sur de Chile. Se concluye tras la observación participante y la aplicación de entrevistas a mujeres que intervienen de estas prácticas, las „curadoras de semillas‟, que éstas son agentes que revalorizan lo local mediante un proceso de resignificación del Trafkintu, que lo vincula a la autonomía alimentaria. Además, las curadoras articulan redes entre comunidades campesinas indígenas como estrategia de resistencia. Sin embargo, la emergencia del Trafkintu se torna ambivalente, pues políticos tradicionales se apropian de las expresiones simbólicas de las curadoras de semillas para promover, con fines electorales, una imagen de “preocupación por la cultura popular”, practicando un folkmarketing político.
This paper examines the resurgence of Trafkintu, an ancient Mapuche ritual of seed trade; now as a folk-communication practice of resistance, against neoliberal transformations in farming that threaten food sovereignty of rural communities in southern Chile. Drawing on participant observation and semi-structured interviews with peasant and Mapuche women involved in these practices, we show that seed curators women act as agents that revalue the localness [lo local] through a process of resignification of Trafkintu, this time linking it to food self-sufficiency. In addition, they build networks between indigenous and peasant communities as a resistance strategy. However, this resurgence of Trafkintu becomes ambivalent as its new symbolic expression is being appropriated by local mainstream politicians, for electoral purposes, to promote an image of “concern about popular culture”. That is, a tool of resistance, on the one hand, and a kind of political folk-marketing, on the other.
This paper examines the resurgence of Trafkintu, an ancient Mapuche ritual of seed trade; now as a folk-communication practice of resistance, against neoliberal transformations in farming that threaten food sovereignty of rural communities in southern Chile. Drawing on participant observation and semi-structured interviews with peasant and Mapuche women involved in these practices, we show that seed curators women act as agents that revalue the localness [lo local] through a process of resignification of Trafkintu, this time linking it to food self-sufficiency. In addition, they build networks between indigenous and peasant communities as a resistance strategy. However, this resurgence of Trafkintu becomes ambivalent as its new symbolic expression is being appropriated by local mainstream politicians, for electoral purposes, to promote an image of “concern about popular culture”. That is, a tool of resistance, on the one hand, and a kind of political folk-marketing, on the other.
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p. 76-93
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Soto, D.; Mancilla, N. & Valenzuela, V. H. (septiembre, 2014). Trafkintu : curadoras de semillas defendiendo la soberanía alimentaria (Ensayo) = Trafkintu: seed curators defending food sovereignty. En: Letras Verdes. Revista Latinoamericana de Estudios Socioambientales FLACSO - Ecuador. Transgénicos y sociedad, 16, 76-93.
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