El gobierno local de la seguridad pública en Francia: fragmentaciones y nuevas orientaciones
The local governance of public security in France: fragmentation and new orientations
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Maillard, Jacques de
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FLACSO sede Ecuador. Programa de Estudios de la Ciudad
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Francia ha sido afectada por diversos cambios concernientes a las políticas de seguridad durante las dos últimas décadas especialmente en el plano local. Distintas características pueden ser señaladas: la territorialización, el vínculo entre prevención y represión, la contractualización. En este escenario, ha terminado el tradicional monopolio del Estado central —crecientemente fragmentado entre distintas agencias—. Esta mutación debe ser relacionada con la creciente importancia de las autoridades locales en la elaboración e implementación de políticas referidas a la inseguridad, pero también al rol que han comenzado a jugar otras agencias diversas. Este ensayo busca comprender la coordinación interagencial y señala la existencia de un complejo conjunto de redes que gobiernan la seguridad. También intenta examinar críticamente el argumento planteado por algunos investigadores del giro hacia políticas represivas que estaría afectando a las políticas locales.
France has been affected by various changes concerning security policies during the last two decades, especially at the local level. Several features can be noticed: territorialisation, link between prevention and repression, contractualisation. In such a context, the traditional monopoly of the central state —besides increasingly fragmented between various agencies— on security has ended. Such a move must be related to the growing importance of local authorities in the elaboration and implementation of policies tackling insecurity, but equally to the role played by various other agencies. The present paper seeks to understand the interagency coordination and point the existence of a complex array of networks governing security. It also seeks to critically examine the claim made by some scholars of the turn to repressive policies that would have affected local policies.
France has been affected by various changes concerning security policies during the last two decades, especially at the local level. Several features can be noticed: territorialisation, link between prevention and repression, contractualisation. In such a context, the traditional monopoly of the central state —besides increasingly fragmented between various agencies— on security has ended. Such a move must be related to the growing importance of local authorities in the elaboration and implementation of policies tackling insecurity, but equally to the role played by various other agencies. The present paper seeks to understand the interagency coordination and point the existence of a complex array of networks governing security. It also seeks to critically examine the claim made by some scholars of the turn to repressive policies that would have affected local policies.
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Keywords
FRANCIA, PREVENCIÓN, AUTORIDADES LOCALES, GOBIERNO, PARTNERSHIPS, FRANCE, PREVENTION, LOCAL AUTHORITIES, GOVERNANCE
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Maillard, Jacques de; El gobierno local de la seguridad pública en Francia: fragmentaciones y nuevas orientaciones = The local governance of public security in France: fragmentation and new orientations. En: Urvio: revista latinoamericana de seguridad ciudadana, Quito: FLACSO Sede Ecuador, (n.6, enero 2009): pp. 83-98. ISSN: 1390-3691
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