Desde el laboratorio neo desarrollista a la resurgencia neoliberal : una revisión creativa del "doble movimiento" polanyiano en América Latina (dossier)
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Fernández, Víctor Ramiro
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Buenos Aires : FLACSO. Sede Académica Argentina.
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Abstract
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¿Cuáles han sido los factores que han jaqueado las reacciones neo-desarrollistas que tuvieron lugar en América Latina a inicios del siglo y cuestionando su carácter de alternativas posneoliberales? ¿Cuáles son los fundamentos del resurgimiento de las experiencias neoliberales? ¿Cuáles son los desafíos para el desarrollo de estrategias efectivamente alternativas al neoliberalismo? Este trabajo procura dar respuesta a esos interrogantes a partir de re-explorar críticamente el concepto polanyiano de doble movimiento, y recuperar innovadoramente sus tres categorías centrales de integración social: intercambio, redistribución y reciprocidad. A través de ello se analizan los límites de esas reacciones en la constitución de un proyecto estatal, capaz de alterar el patrón de acumulación y alternativizar las formas de mercantilización que persigue neoliberalismo y los actores e intereses globales comprometidos en su constitución y expansión. En el marco de esos límites y sus efectos, gana plausibilidad la reemergencia en la región de las formas más crudas de neo-liberalización.
Which were the factors that have undermined the Latin American neo-developmentalist reactions at the beginning of the century, questioning his character of post-neoliberal alternatives? Which are the bases of the resurgence of neoliberal experiences? Which are the challenges for the development of effectivalternatives to neoliberalism strategies? This paper attempts to answer these questions from a critically re-exploration of Polanyi ́s double movement, recovering in an innovative way its three core categories of social integration: exchange, redistribution and reciprocity. Throughout, the limits of these reactions in the configuration of a “state project”, which is supposed to alter the pattern of accumulation and to offer alternate forms of commodification to neoliberalism (and to the actors and global interests involved in its creation and expansion) are analyzed. The paper suggests that in the framework of those limits and their effects, the reemergence of the crudest forms of neo-liberalization in the region gains plausibility.
Which were the factors that have undermined the Latin American neo-developmentalist reactions at the beginning of the century, questioning his character of post-neoliberal alternatives? Which are the bases of the resurgence of neoliberal experiences? Which are the challenges for the development of effectivalternatives to neoliberalism strategies? This paper attempts to answer these questions from a critically re-exploration of Polanyi ́s double movement, recovering in an innovative way its three core categories of social integration: exchange, redistribution and reciprocity. Throughout, the limits of these reactions in the configuration of a “state project”, which is supposed to alter the pattern of accumulation and to offer alternate forms of commodification to neoliberalism (and to the actors and global interests involved in its creation and expansion) are analyzed. The paper suggests that in the framework of those limits and their effects, the reemergence of the crudest forms of neo-liberalization in the region gains plausibility.
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Keywords
NEOLIBERALIMO, DESARROLLISMO, MERCANTILISMO, CAPITALISMO, AMÉRICA LATINA, POLANYI, KARL
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p. 27-41
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Fernández, Víctor Ramiro. 2016. Desde el laboratorio neo desarrollista a la resurgencia neoliberal : una revisión creativa del "doble movimiento" polanyiano en América Latina (dossier). Revista Estado y Políticas Públicas, 4 (7): 21-47