Potencial social y ambiental de la industria eólica para una transición energética en América Latina
Wind Industry and Energetic Transition. Potential For Latin America
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Zepeda Cancino, Rubén Manuel
Vázquez García, Verónica
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Quito, Ecuador : Flacso Ecuador
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Brasil, México y Uruguay han adoptado la energía eólica como estrategia para combatir el cambio climático. Sin embargo, sus experiencias son distintas y se encuentran poco documentadas. Este artículo analiza las ventajas y desventajas de la industria eólica con miras a su futura expansión en América Latina. La metodología consiste en sistematizar y analizar la bibliografía existente en castellano, portugués e inglés. Se identificaron cuatro ventajas de la energía eólica (baja huella de carbono, reducidos costos de producción, creación de empleos e ingresos por renta de tierras) y cinco desventajas (pérdida de cobertura forestal, impacto en aves y fuentes de agua, contaminación por derrames de aceite y desechos y afectaciones a la salud).
Brazil, Mexico and Uruguay have adopted wind energy as a means to fight climate change. However, their experiences are different and insufficiently documented. This paper analyzes the advantages and disadvantages of the wind industry in light of its future expansion in Latin America. The methodology consists of the systematization and analysis of literature written in Spanish, Portuguese and English. Four advantages and five disadvantages were identified. The advantages are wind energy’s reduced carbon footprint, low production costs, the potential for job creation and income from land rentals, while the disadvantages are possible vegetation loss, impact on birds and water sources, oil and waste contamination and health damage.
Brazil, Mexico and Uruguay have adopted wind energy as a means to fight climate change. However, their experiences are different and insufficiently documented. This paper analyzes the advantages and disadvantages of the wind industry in light of its future expansion in Latin America. The methodology consists of the systematization and analysis of literature written in Spanish, Portuguese and English. Four advantages and five disadvantages were identified. The advantages are wind energy’s reduced carbon footprint, low production costs, the potential for job creation and income from land rentals, while the disadvantages are possible vegetation loss, impact on birds and water sources, oil and waste contamination and health damage.
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Keywords
CAMBIO CLIMÁTICO, ECONOMÍA BAJA EN CARBONO, ENERGÍAS RENOVABLES, HUELLAS DE CARBONO, SEGURIDAD ENERGÉTICA
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p. 66-85
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Zepeda Cancino, Rubén Manuel y Verónica Vázquez García. 2021. Potencial social y ambiental de la industria eólica para una transición energética en América Latina o Wind Industry and Energetic Transition. Potential For Latin America. Letras Verdes. Revista Latinoamericana de Estudios Socioambientales Flacso - Ecuador, 30:66-85.
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