El sistema electoral de los Estados Unidos. Las raíces históricas de la fórmula mayoritaria.
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Redondo, Javier
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Quito: CELAEP
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El sistema electoral estadounidense se define fundamentalmente por la aplicación de la fórmula mayoritaria en la totalidad de las elecciones estatales y federales. Sin embargo, ninguna norma obliga a ello. El sistema electoral se configura por tanto como producto de la historia, hunde sus raíces en el modelo británico y evoluciona dentro de los parámetros que establece la Constitución de 1787. Estos condicionantes son: el rechazo de los partidos políticos, las peculiaridades de la elección presidencial, el predominio del distrito uninominal y la celebración de primarias para la selección de candidatos presidenciales. Todos estos factores sientan las bases del sistema mayoritario y, por extensión, del dualismo de tendencias y posteriormente de partidos.
The US electoral system is essentially defined, in almost all states and federal elections, by the application of single-member plurality. However, the law does not require it. The electoral system is a result of the history, as it is rooted in the British model and evolved within the parameters established by the Constitution of 1787. Therefore the electoral system is conditioned by the political parties rejection, the peculiarities of the presidential election, the predominance of single-member districts and the primary election holding to select presidential candidates. All these factors stablish the foundation of SMP and encourage the dualism of trends that finally encourages the bipartisanship.
The US electoral system is essentially defined, in almost all states and federal elections, by the application of single-member plurality. However, the law does not require it. The electoral system is a result of the history, as it is rooted in the British model and evolved within the parameters established by the Constitution of 1787. Therefore the electoral system is conditioned by the political parties rejection, the peculiarities of the presidential election, the predominance of single-member districts and the primary election holding to select presidential candidates. All these factors stablish the foundation of SMP and encourage the dualism of trends that finally encourages the bipartisanship.
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p. 39-55
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Redondo, Javier. 2015. El sistema electoral de los Estados Unidos. Las raíces históricas de la fórmula mayoritaria. Revista Latinoamericana de Política Comparada 10: 39-55.
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