Mujeres y autogobierno en un territorio indígena: Oaxaca, México
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Vázquez García, Verónica
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Quito : FLACSO Sede Ecuador
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Abstract
Description
El reconocimiento de los Usos y Costumbres como forma de autogobierno en los municipios de Oaxaca, México, es un logro importante para los pueblos indígenas. Sin embargo, aún queda pendiente incorporar a mujeres en puestos de poder. Este texto tiene dos objetivos: 1) analizar los factores que contribuyen a la destitución de las mujeres de la presidencia municipal; 2) identificar las estrategias que algunas utilizan para permanecer en ella. Se realizaron entrevistas con todas las presidentas electas en un periodo de 10 años (1999-2009).Se identificaron tres actores que intervienen en la permanencia o destitución del cargo: la asamblea, el ayuntamiento y los partidos políticos. El segundo es el más difícil para las mujeres. Entre las estrategias para permanecer en el cargo destacan: apoyarse en la asamblea para adquirir legitimidad; negociar carpetas de gobierno con integrantes del ayuntamiento; gestionar recursos y establecer lazos cercanos con el gobernador del estado.
The recognition of Usos y Costumbres as a form of self-government in the municipalities of Oaxaca, Mexico, is an important achievement for native peoples. However, women’s participation inpositions of power remains a challenge. This paper has two objectives: 1) to analyze the factors that contribute to women’s destitution from the mayoralty; 2) to identify the strategies that some of them use to stay in power. Interviews were conducted with all elected female mayors in a ten-year period (1999-2009). Three actors intervene in women’s permanence or destitution: the assembly, the town council and political parties. The second is the most difficult one for women. Some of the strategies used by them to remain in power are: to rely on the assembly as a source of legitimacy; to negotiate government portfolios with council members; to obtain funds and establish links with the state governor.
The recognition of Usos y Costumbres as a form of self-government in the municipalities of Oaxaca, Mexico, is an important achievement for native peoples. However, women’s participation inpositions of power remains a challenge. This paper has two objectives: 1) to analyze the factors that contribute to women’s destitution from the mayoralty; 2) to identify the strategies that some of them use to stay in power. Interviews were conducted with all elected female mayors in a ten-year period (1999-2009). Three actors intervene in women’s permanence or destitution: the assembly, the town council and political parties. The second is the most difficult one for women. Some of the strategies used by them to remain in power are: to rely on the assembly as a source of legitimacy; to negotiate government portfolios with council members; to obtain funds and establish links with the state governor.
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Keywords
GÉNERO, MUJERES RURALES, PARTICIPACIÓN POLÍTICA, GOBIERNO LOCAL, COMUNIDADES INDÍGENAS, OAXACA (MÉXICO)
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Artículo
Date
2014-08
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p. 51-65
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Vázquez, V. (2014). Mujeres y autogobierno en un territorio indígena : Oaxaca, México (Estudio de caso) = Women and self-government in an indigenous territory : Oaxaca, Mexico. En: Eutopía. Revista de Desarrollo Económico Territorial, 5, 51-65.